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Gunpowder (Encyclopaedia Britannica 9th Edition 1891, vol 14)
DescriptionPDFC-Encyclopaedia Britannica 9th Edition 1891, vol 14 KAO-LON.pdf
PDFC-Encyclopaedia Britannica 9th Edition 1891, vol 14 KAO-LON.pdf
Gunpowder: Alchemy, Bombards, and Pyrotechnics: The History of the Explosive That Changed the World
Author: Jack Kelly
IDs:
- Amazon: 0465037224
- Google: G6sstAEACAAJ
- ISBN: 9780465037223
Download (2.2 MB)
DescriptionWhen Chinese alchemists fashioned the first manmade explosion sometime during the tenth century, no one could have foreseen its full revolutionary potential. Invented to frighten evil spirits rather than fuel guns or bombs—neither of which had been thought of yet—their simple mixture of saltpeter, sulfur, and charcoal went on to make the modern world possible. As word of its explosive properties spread from Asia to Europe, from pyrotechnics to battleships, it paved the way for Western exploration, hastened the end of feudalism and the rise of the nation state, and greased the wheels of the Industrial Revolution.
When Chinese alchemists fashioned the first manmade explosion sometime during the tenth century, no one could have foreseen its full revolutionary potential. Invented to frighten evil spirits rather than fuel guns or bombs—neither of which had been thought of yet—their simple mixture of saltpeter, sulfur, and charcoal went on to make the modern world possible. As word of its explosive properties spread from Asia to Europe, from pyrotechnics to battleships, it paved the way for Western exploration, hastened the end of feudalism and the rise of the nation state, and greased the wheels of the Industrial Revolution.
Health Implications of Perchlorate Ingestion
Authors: National Research Council, Division On Earth, Life Studies, Board On Environmental Studies, Toxicology, Committee To Assess The Health Implications Of Perchlorate Ingestion
IDs:
- ISBN: 9780309181358
- Google: 05F0iOqvwgAC
Download (2.6 MB)
DescriptionPerchlorateâ€"a powerful oxidant used in solid rocket fuels by the military and aerospace industryâ€"has been detected in public drinking water supplies of over 11 million people at concentrations of at least 4 parts per billion (ppb). High doses of perchlorate can decrease thyroid hormone production by inhibiting the uptake of iodide by the thyroid. Thyroid hormones are critical for normal growth and development of the central nervous system of fetuses and infants. This report evaluates the potential health effects of perchlorate and the scientific underpinnings of the 2002 draft risk assessment issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The report finds that the body can compensate for iodide deficiency, and that iodide uptake would likely have to be reduced by at least 75% for months or longer for adverse health effects, such as hypothryroidism, to occur. The report recommends using clinical studies of iodide uptake in humans as the basis for determining a reference dose rather than using studies of adverse health effects in rats that serve as EPA's basis. The report suggests that daily ingestion of 0.0007 milligrams of perchlorate per kilograms of body weightâ€"an amount more than 20 times the reference dose proposed by EPAâ€"should not threaten the health of even the most sensitive populations.
Perchlorateâ€"a powerful oxidant used in solid rocket fuels by the military and aerospace industryâ€"has been detected in public drinking water supplies of over 11 million people at concentrations of at least 4 parts per billion (ppb). High doses of perchlorate can decrease thyroid hormone production by inhibiting the uptake of iodide by the thyroid. Thyroid hormones are critical for normal growth and development of the central nervous system of fetuses and infants. This report evaluates the potential health effects of perchlorate and the scientific underpinnings of the 2002 draft risk assessment issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The report finds that the body can compensate for iodide deficiency, and that iodide uptake would likely have to be reduced by at least 75% for months or longer for adverse health effects, such as hypothryroidism, to occur. The report recommends using clinical studies of iodide uptake in humans as the basis for determining a reference dose rather than using studies of adverse health effects in rats that serve as EPA's basis. The report suggests that daily ingestion of 0.0007 milligrams of perchlorate per kilograms of body weightâ€"an amount more than 20 times the reference dose proposed by EPAâ€"should not threaten the health of even the most sensitive populations.
High Energy Materials: Propellants, Explosives and Pyrotechnics
Author: Jai Prakash Agrawal
IDs:
- Google: rqZROysoS7QC
- Amazon: 3527326103
- ISBN: 9783527326105
Download (2.72 MB)
DescriptionAuthored by an insider with over 40 years of high energy materials (HEMs) experience in academia, industry and defense organizations, this handbook and ready reference covers all important HEMs from the 1950s to the present with their respective properties and intended purposes.
Written at an attainable level for professionals, engineers and technicians alike, the book provides a comprehensive view of the current status and suggests further directions for research and development. An introductory chapter on the chemical and thermodynamic basics allows the reader to become acquainted with the fundamental features of explosives, before moving on to the important safety aspects in processing, handling, transportation and storage of high energy materials.
With its collation of results and formulation strategies hitherto scattered in the literature, this should be on the shelf of every HEM researcher and developer.
Authored by an insider with over 40 years of high energy materials (HEMs) experience in academia, industry and defense organizations, this handbook and ready reference covers all important HEMs from the 1950s to the present with their respective properties and intended purposes.
Written at an attainable level for professionals, engineers and technicians alike, the book provides a comprehensive view of the current status and suggests further directions for research and development. An introductory chapter on the chemical and thermodynamic basics allows the reader to become acquainted with the fundamental features of explosives, before moving on to the important safety aspects in processing, handling, transportation and storage of high energy materials.
With its collation of results and formulation strategies hitherto scattered in the literature, this should be on the shelf of every HEM researcher and developer.
High Explosives, Propellants, Pyrotechnics
Author: Ernst-Christian Koch
IDs:
- ISBN: 9783110660524
- Google: bOsUEAAAQBAJ
- Amazon: 3110660520
Download (28.21 MB)
DescriptionThis dictionary contains 739 entries with about 1400 references to the primary literature. Details on the composition, performance, sensitivity and other pertinent properties of Energetic Materials such as High Explosives, Propellants, Pyrotechnics, as well as important ingredients such as Oxidizers, Fuels, Binders, and Modifiers are given and presented partly in over 180 tables with more than 240 structural formulas .
This dictionary contains 739 entries with about 1400 references to the primary literature. Details on the composition, performance, sensitivity and other pertinent properties of Energetic Materials such as High Explosives, Propellants, Pyrotechnics, as well as important ingredients such as Oxidizers, Fuels, Binders, and Modifiers are given and presented partly in over 180 tables with more than 240 structural formulas .
Impact Firecrackers: A History and How-To Guide to Classic Fireworks
Author: John Donner
IDs:
- Google: _IIOAAAACAAJ
- ISBN: 9781581600193
- Amazon: 1581600194
Download (256.34 KB)
DescriptionHere John Donner takes you back to a time when there were fewer restrictions on fireworks, including the classics such as globe torpedoes and cracker balls. He also describes the materials needed to safely construct and handle impact firecrackers. For academic study only.
About the Author
John Donner, who has been honing his skills as a pyrotechnist for more than 30 years, preserves for all time the now all-but-outlawed techniques that makers of traditional fireworks have used and Americans have enjoyed for generations.
Here John Donner takes you back to a time when there were fewer restrictions on fireworks, including the classics such as globe torpedoes and cracker balls. He also describes the materials needed to safely construct and handle impact firecrackers. For academic study only.
About the Author
John Donner, who has been honing his skills as a pyrotechnist for more than 30 years, preserves for all time the now all-but-outlawed techniques that makers of traditional fireworks have used and Americans have enjoyed for generations.
